Also specific to the ENT specialty is expertise in managing diseases of the larynx (voice box) and the upper aerodigestive tract (esophagus and trachea). This includes disorders of the voice, respiration (breathing), and swallowing.

Endoscopy

This procedure literally means, "to look inside." Laryngoscopy is a detailed examination of the larynx, often done with biopsies. Sometimes a microscope or even a laser is used during this procedure. Esophagoscopy and bronchoscopy refer to detailed examinations of the esophagus and bronchi respectively. Occasionally removal of foreign bodies (coins, toys, food particles, etc.) is required and the above techniques are the methods of choice.

Tonsillectomy

This is done as outpatient surgery to remove tonsils often in association with adenoids. Reasons for the surgery are recurrent sore throats, obstruction (breathing or swallowing difficulties), and frequent upper respiratory illnesses.

Adenoidetomy

This is done as outpatient surgery to remove adenoids often in association with tonsils. Reasons for the surgery are recurrent sore throats, obstruction (breathing or swallowing difficulties), and frequent upper respiratory illnesses.